Critical analysis of the evolutionary perspective on sexual coercion in humans

Resumo

Evolutionary perspectives posit that behavior can be better explained by the integration of both proximate and ultimate causes. In this context, research in Evolutionary Psychology seeks to investigate psychological mechanisms that have evolved by solving adaptative problems in ancestral environments. This review aims to answer the question whether the literature provides empirical support for the hypotheses that sexual coercion can be explained by proximate and ultimate causes. Therefore, we initially contrast adaptive against by-product hypotheses to demonstrate the advances and limitations of understanding sexual coercion occurrence in terms of adaptive function. Then, we explore empirical research aimed to identify mechanisms involved in sexual coercion perpetration by men and victimization avoidance by women. Also, empirical research with females as perpetrators are discussed. Finally, theoretical and methodological gaps in sexual coercion investigation from an evolutionary perspective are highlighted. Predictors of its occurrence are mapped to support interventions against sexual coercion.