Relação terapêutica e mudança: a abordagem de Irvin D. Yalom

Francisco Cunha; Sandra Carreiro Borges; José A. Carvalho Teixeira

doi:10.26823/rnufen.v17i1.25536

Autores

Francisco Cunha Unidade Local de Saúde de Viseu Dão-Lafões, Viseu, Portugal
Sandra Carreiro Borges Unidade Local de Saúde de Viseu Dão-Lafões, Viseu, Portugal
José A. Carvalho Teixeira Sociedade Portuguesa de Psicoterapia Existencial, Lisboa, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26823/rnufen.v17i1.25536

Palavras-chave:

Atitudes Facilitadoras, Relação Terapêutica, Psicoterapia

Resumo

Ao longo da sua obra, o psiquiatra Irvin D. Yalom (1931) destaca a relação terapêutica como principal agente de mudança em psicoterapia, algo corroborado pela literatura empírica. Este trabalho descreve as premissas de Yalom para a relação terapêutica e sintetiza dados de investigação empírica relevantes. Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa com uma abordagem abrangente e qualitativa das ideias do autor. O estilo particular de psicoterapia de Yalom combina elementos de diferentes abordagens teóricas, com foco na construção e manutenção da relação terapêutica no aqui-e-agora, com um olhar fenomenológico sobre a vida humana. A evidência empírica destaca a aliança terapêutica como fator mais robusto de sucesso terapêutico, independentemente do modelo teórico utilizado. A resolução de conflitos e a definição colaborativa de objetivos associam-se a bons resultados. O processo deve ser conduzido de forma espontânea e personalizada, com foco na intersubjetividade e na construção de uma relação de qualidade.

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